Sine Wave vs Square Wave

With the Phoenix Waveform, we made a few changes and improvements to the waveform. We changed the shape of the waveform from a sine wave to a more efficient square wave.

Sine waves are very crude, therefore to obtain some result they have to crank it up to a point where you feel a lot of pins and needles.

Our waveform (square) is also cleaner, and more efficient, and by virtue of the fact that it is generated with square wavefronts, so it is not necessary to turn the intensity as high as you can. 

In other words, a square wave gets more bang for the buck than a sine wave.

Comparing Russian sine currents to square waves (like the Phoenix Waveform) here are the key points:

• Waveform Efficiency: Square waves offer more efficient muscle excitation compared to the older sine-wave Russian currents. The square wave delivers more stimulation per unit of intensity, making it more effective.
• Technological Constraints: In Kots' era, sine waves were the best available technology. However, they required higher intensity for equivalent excitation compared to square waves due to waveform differences.
• Flexibility: Russian currents have fixed parameters, like a 200 μs pulse width, limiting their adaptability for different muscle groups. In contrast, square waves can be adjusted to suit varied muscle responses.
• Wastage: The Russian current's 10 ms on/off cycle doesn't optimize excitation due to the refractory time of neurons. This results in energy wastage, less effective stimulation, and potential issues like discomfort, skin irritation, and shorter battery life.

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